forked from cory/tildefriends
Cory McWilliams
09ddfffa6b
git-svn-id: https://www.unprompted.com/svn/projects/tildefriends/trunk@4088 ed5197a5-7fde-0310-b194-c3ffbd925b24
601 lines
21 KiB
Groff
601 lines
21 KiB
Groff
.\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 4.14 (Pod::Simple 3.42)
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.\" ========================================================================
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.\"
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.IX Title "CONFIG 5"
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.TH CONFIG 5 "2020-04-21" "1.1.1g" "OpenSSL"
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.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
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.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
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.if n .ad l
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.nh
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.SH "NAME"
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config \- OpenSSL CONF library configuration files
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
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The OpenSSL \s-1CONF\s0 library can be used to read configuration files.
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It is used for the OpenSSL master configuration file \fBopenssl.cnf\fR
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and in a few other places like \fB\s-1SPKAC\s0\fR files and certificate extension
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files for the \fBx509\fR utility. OpenSSL applications can also use the
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\&\s-1CONF\s0 library for their own purposes.
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.PP
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A configuration file is divided into a number of sections. Each section
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starts with a line \fB[ section_name ]\fR and ends when a new section is
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started or end of file is reached. A section name can consist of
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alphanumeric characters and underscores.
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.PP
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The first section of a configuration file is special and is referred
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to as the \fBdefault\fR section. This section is usually unnamed and spans from the
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start of file until the first named section. When a name is being looked up
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it is first looked up in a named section (if any) and then the
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default section.
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.PP
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The environment is mapped onto a section called \fB\s-1ENV\s0\fR.
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.PP
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Comments can be included by preceding them with the \fB#\fR character
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.PP
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Other files can be included using the \fB.include\fR directive followed
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by a path. If the path points to a directory all files with
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names ending with \fB.cnf\fR or \fB.conf\fR are included from the directory.
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Recursive inclusion of directories from files in such directory is not
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supported. That means the files in the included directory can also contain
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\&\fB.include\fR directives but only inclusion of regular files is supported
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there. The inclusion of directories is not supported on systems without
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\&\s-1POSIX IO\s0 support.
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.PP
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It is strongly recommended to use absolute paths with the \fB.include\fR
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directive. Relative paths are evaluated based on the application current
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working directory so unless the configuration file containing the
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\&\fB.include\fR directive is application specific the inclusion will not
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work as expected.
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.PP
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There can be optional \fB=\fR character and whitespace characters between
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\&\fB.include\fR directive and the path which can be useful in cases the
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configuration file needs to be loaded by old OpenSSL versions which do
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not support the \fB.include\fR syntax. They would bail out with error
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if the \fB=\fR character is not present but with it they just ignore
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the include.
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.PP
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Each section in a configuration file consists of a number of name and
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value pairs of the form \fBname=value\fR
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.PP
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The \fBname\fR string can contain any alphanumeric characters as well as
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a few punctuation symbols such as \fB.\fR \fB,\fR \fB;\fR and \fB_\fR.
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.PP
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The \fBvalue\fR string consists of the string following the \fB=\fR character
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until end of line with any leading and trailing white space removed.
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.PP
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The value string undergoes variable expansion. This can be done by
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including the form \fB\f(CB$var\fB\fR or \fB${var}\fR: this will substitute the value
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of the named variable in the current section. It is also possible to
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substitute a value from another section using the syntax \fB\f(CB$section::name\fB\fR
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or \fB${section::name}\fR. By using the form \fB\f(CB$ENV::name\fB\fR environment
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variables can be substituted. It is also possible to assign values to
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environment variables by using the name \fBENV::name\fR, this will work
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if the program looks up environment variables using the \fB\s-1CONF\s0\fR library
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instead of calling \fBgetenv()\fR directly. The value string must not exceed 64k in
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length after variable expansion. Otherwise an error will occur.
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.PP
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It is possible to escape certain characters by using any kind of quote
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or the \fB\e\fR character. By making the last character of a line a \fB\e\fR
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a \fBvalue\fR string can be spread across multiple lines. In addition
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the sequences \fB\en\fR, \fB\er\fR, \fB\eb\fR and \fB\et\fR are recognized.
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.PP
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All expansion and escape rules as described above that apply to \fBvalue\fR
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also apply to the path of the \fB.include\fR directive.
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.SH "OPENSSL LIBRARY CONFIGURATION"
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.IX Header "OPENSSL LIBRARY CONFIGURATION"
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Applications can automatically configure certain
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aspects of OpenSSL using the master OpenSSL configuration file, or optionally
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an alternative configuration file. The \fBopenssl\fR utility includes this
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functionality: any sub command uses the master OpenSSL configuration file
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unless an option is used in the sub command to use an alternative configuration
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file.
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.PP
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To enable library configuration the default section needs to contain an
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appropriate line which points to the main configuration section. The default
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name is \fBopenssl_conf\fR which is used by the \fBopenssl\fR utility. Other
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applications may use an alternative name such as \fBmyapplication_conf\fR.
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All library configuration lines appear in the default section at the start
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of the configuration file.
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.PP
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The configuration section should consist of a set of name value pairs which
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contain specific module configuration information. The \fBname\fR represents
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the name of the \fIconfiguration module\fR. The meaning of the \fBvalue\fR is
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module specific: it may, for example, represent a further configuration
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section containing configuration module specific information. E.g.:
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.PP
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.Vb 2
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\& # This must be in the default section
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\& openssl_conf = openssl_init
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\&
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\& [openssl_init]
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\&
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\& oid_section = new_oids
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\& engines = engine_section
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\&
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\& [new_oids]
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\&
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\& ... new oids here ...
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\&
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\& [engine_section]
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\&
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\& ... engine stuff here ...
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.Ve
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.PP
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The features of each configuration module are described below.
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.SS "\s-1ASN1\s0 Object Configuration Module"
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.IX Subsection "ASN1 Object Configuration Module"
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This module has the name \fBoid_section\fR. The value of this variable points
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to a section containing name value pairs of OIDs: the name is the \s-1OID\s0 short
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and long name, the value is the numerical form of the \s-1OID.\s0 Although some of
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the \fBopenssl\fR utility sub commands already have their own \s-1ASN1 OBJECT\s0 section
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functionality not all do. By using the \s-1ASN1 OBJECT\s0 configuration module
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\&\fBall\fR the \fBopenssl\fR utility sub commands can see the new objects as well
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as any compliant applications. For example:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& [new_oids]
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\&
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\& some_new_oid = 1.2.3.4
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\& some_other_oid = 1.2.3.5
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.Ve
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.PP
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It is also possible to set the value to the long name followed
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by a comma and the numerical \s-1OID\s0 form. For example:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& shortName = some object long name, 1.2.3.4
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.Ve
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.SS "Engine Configuration Module"
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.IX Subsection "Engine Configuration Module"
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This \s-1ENGINE\s0 configuration module has the name \fBengines\fR. The value of this
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variable points to a section containing further \s-1ENGINE\s0 configuration
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information.
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.PP
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The section pointed to by \fBengines\fR is a table of engine names (though see
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\&\fBengine_id\fR below) and further sections containing configuration information
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specific to each \s-1ENGINE.\s0
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.PP
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Each \s-1ENGINE\s0 specific section is used to set default algorithms, load
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dynamic, perform initialization and send ctrls. The actual operation performed
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depends on the \fIcommand\fR name which is the name of the name value pair. The
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currently supported commands are listed below.
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.PP
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For example:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& [engine_section]
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\&
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\& # Configure ENGINE named "foo"
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\& foo = foo_section
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\& # Configure ENGINE named "bar"
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\& bar = bar_section
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\&
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\& [foo_section]
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\& ... foo ENGINE specific commands ...
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\&
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\& [bar_section]
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\& ... "bar" ENGINE specific commands ...
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.Ve
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.PP
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The command \fBengine_id\fR is used to give the \s-1ENGINE\s0 name. If used this
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command must be first. For example:
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.PP
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.Vb 3
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\& [engine_section]
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\& # This would normally handle an ENGINE named "foo"
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\& foo = foo_section
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\&
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\& [foo_section]
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\& # Override default name and use "myfoo" instead.
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\& engine_id = myfoo
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.Ve
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.PP
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The command \fBdynamic_path\fR loads and adds an \s-1ENGINE\s0 from the given path. It
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is equivalent to sending the ctrls \fB\s-1SO_PATH\s0\fR with the path argument followed
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by \fB\s-1LIST_ADD\s0\fR with value 2 and \fB\s-1LOAD\s0\fR to the dynamic \s-1ENGINE.\s0 If this is
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not the required behaviour then alternative ctrls can be sent directly
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to the dynamic \s-1ENGINE\s0 using ctrl commands.
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.PP
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The command \fBinit\fR determines whether to initialize the \s-1ENGINE.\s0 If the value
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is \fB0\fR the \s-1ENGINE\s0 will not be initialized, if \fB1\fR and attempt it made to
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initialized the \s-1ENGINE\s0 immediately. If the \fBinit\fR command is not present
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then an attempt will be made to initialize the \s-1ENGINE\s0 after all commands in
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its section have been processed.
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.PP
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The command \fBdefault_algorithms\fR sets the default algorithms an \s-1ENGINE\s0 will
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supply using the functions \fBENGINE_set_default_string()\fR.
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.PP
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If the name matches none of the above command names it is assumed to be a
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ctrl command which is sent to the \s-1ENGINE.\s0 The value of the command is the
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argument to the ctrl command. If the value is the string \fB\s-1EMPTY\s0\fR then no
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value is sent to the command.
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.PP
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For example:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& [engine_section]
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\&
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\& # Configure ENGINE named "foo"
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\& foo = foo_section
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\&
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\& [foo_section]
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\& # Load engine from DSO
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\& dynamic_path = /some/path/fooengine.so
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\& # A foo specific ctrl.
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\& some_ctrl = some_value
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\& # Another ctrl that doesn\*(Aqt take a value.
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\& other_ctrl = EMPTY
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\& # Supply all default algorithms
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\& default_algorithms = ALL
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.Ve
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.SS "\s-1EVP\s0 Configuration Module"
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.IX Subsection "EVP Configuration Module"
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This modules has the name \fBalg_section\fR which points to a section containing
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algorithm commands.
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.PP
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Currently the only algorithm command supported is \fBfips_mode\fR whose
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value can only be the boolean string \fBoff\fR. If \fBfips_mode\fR is set to \fBon\fR,
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an error occurs as this library version is not \s-1FIPS\s0 capable.
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.SS "\s-1SSL\s0 Configuration Module"
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.IX Subsection "SSL Configuration Module"
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This module has the name \fBssl_conf\fR which points to a section containing
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\&\s-1SSL\s0 configurations.
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.PP
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Each line in the \s-1SSL\s0 configuration section contains the name of the
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configuration and the section containing it.
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.PP
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Each configuration section consists of command value pairs for \fB\s-1SSL_CONF\s0\fR.
|
|
Each pair will be passed to a \fB\s-1SSL_CTX\s0\fR or \fB\s-1SSL\s0\fR structure if it calls
|
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\&\fBSSL_CTX_config()\fR or \fBSSL_config()\fR with the appropriate configuration name.
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.PP
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|
Note: any characters before an initial dot in the configuration section are
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ignored so the same command can be used multiple times.
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.PP
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|
For example:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& ssl_conf = ssl_sect
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\&
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\& [ssl_sect]
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\&
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\& server = server_section
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\&
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\& [server_section]
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\&
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\& RSA.Certificate = server\-rsa.pem
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\& ECDSA.Certificate = server\-ecdsa.pem
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\& Ciphers = ALL:!RC4
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.Ve
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.PP
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|
The system default configuration with name \fBsystem_default\fR if present will
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be applied during any creation of the \fB\s-1SSL_CTX\s0\fR structure.
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.PP
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Example of a configuration with the system default:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& ssl_conf = ssl_sect
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\&
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\& [ssl_sect]
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\&
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\& system_default = system_default_sect
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\&
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\& [system_default_sect]
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\&
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\& MinProtocol = TLSv1.2
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.Ve
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.SH "NOTES"
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|
.IX Header "NOTES"
|
|
If a configuration file attempts to expand a variable that doesn't exist
|
|
then an error is flagged and the file will not load. This can happen
|
|
if an attempt is made to expand an environment variable that doesn't
|
|
exist. For example in a previous version of OpenSSL the default OpenSSL
|
|
master configuration file used the value of \fB\s-1HOME\s0\fR which may not be
|
|
defined on non Unix systems and would cause an error.
|
|
.PP
|
|
This can be worked around by including a \fBdefault\fR section to provide
|
|
a default value: then if the environment lookup fails the default value
|
|
will be used instead. For this to work properly the default value must
|
|
be defined earlier in the configuration file than the expansion. See
|
|
the \fB\s-1EXAMPLES\s0\fR section for an example of how to do this.
|
|
.PP
|
|
If the same variable exists in the same section then all but the last
|
|
value will be silently ignored. In certain circumstances such as with
|
|
DNs the same field may occur multiple times. This is usually worked
|
|
around by ignoring any characters before an initial \fB.\fR e.g.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 2
|
|
\& 1.OU="My first OU"
|
|
\& 2.OU="My Second OU"
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.SH "EXAMPLES"
|
|
.IX Header "EXAMPLES"
|
|
Here is a sample configuration file using some of the features
|
|
mentioned above.
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& # This is the default section.
|
|
\&
|
|
\& HOME=/temp
|
|
\& RANDFILE= ${ENV::HOME}/.rnd
|
|
\& configdir=$ENV::HOME/config
|
|
\&
|
|
\& [ section_one ]
|
|
\&
|
|
\& # We are now in section one.
|
|
\&
|
|
\& # Quotes permit leading and trailing whitespace
|
|
\& any = " any variable name "
|
|
\&
|
|
\& other = A string that can \e
|
|
\& cover several lines \e
|
|
\& by including \e\e characters
|
|
\&
|
|
\& message = Hello World\en
|
|
\&
|
|
\& [ section_two ]
|
|
\&
|
|
\& greeting = $section_one::message
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
This next example shows how to expand environment variables safely.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Suppose you want a variable called \fBtmpfile\fR to refer to a
|
|
temporary filename. The directory it is placed in can determined by
|
|
the \fB\s-1TEMP\s0\fR or \fB\s-1TMP\s0\fR environment variables but they may not be
|
|
set to any value at all. If you just include the environment variable
|
|
names and the variable doesn't exist then this will cause an error when
|
|
an attempt is made to load the configuration file. By making use of the
|
|
default section both values can be looked up with \fB\s-1TEMP\s0\fR taking
|
|
priority and \fB/tmp\fR used if neither is defined:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 5
|
|
\& TMP=/tmp
|
|
\& # The above value is used if TMP isn\*(Aqt in the environment
|
|
\& TEMP=$ENV::TMP
|
|
\& # The above value is used if TEMP isn\*(Aqt in the environment
|
|
\& tmpfile=${ENV::TEMP}/tmp.filename
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
Simple OpenSSL library configuration example to enter \s-1FIPS\s0 mode:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 3
|
|
\& # Default appname: should match "appname" parameter (if any)
|
|
\& # supplied to CONF_modules_load_file et al.
|
|
\& openssl_conf = openssl_conf_section
|
|
\&
|
|
\& [openssl_conf_section]
|
|
\& # Configuration module list
|
|
\& alg_section = evp_sect
|
|
\&
|
|
\& [evp_sect]
|
|
\& # Set to "yes" to enter FIPS mode if supported
|
|
\& fips_mode = yes
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
Note: in the above example you will get an error in non \s-1FIPS\s0 capable versions
|
|
of OpenSSL.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Simple OpenSSL library configuration to make \s-1TLS 1.3\s0 the system-default
|
|
minimum \s-1TLS\s0 version:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 2
|
|
\& # Toplevel section for openssl (including libssl)
|
|
\& openssl_conf = default_conf_section
|
|
\&
|
|
\& [default_conf_section]
|
|
\& # We only specify configuration for the "ssl module"
|
|
\& ssl_conf = ssl_section
|
|
\&
|
|
\& [ssl_section]
|
|
\& system_default = system_default_section
|
|
\&
|
|
\& [system_default_section]
|
|
\& MinProtocol = TLSv1.3
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
More complex OpenSSL library configuration. Add \s-1OID\s0 and don't enter \s-1FIPS\s0 mode:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 3
|
|
\& # Default appname: should match "appname" parameter (if any)
|
|
\& # supplied to CONF_modules_load_file et al.
|
|
\& openssl_conf = openssl_conf_section
|
|
\&
|
|
\& [openssl_conf_section]
|
|
\& # Configuration module list
|
|
\& alg_section = evp_sect
|
|
\& oid_section = new_oids
|
|
\&
|
|
\& [evp_sect]
|
|
\& # This will have no effect as FIPS mode is off by default.
|
|
\& # Set to "yes" to enter FIPS mode, if supported
|
|
\& fips_mode = no
|
|
\&
|
|
\& [new_oids]
|
|
\& # New OID, just short name
|
|
\& newoid1 = 1.2.3.4.1
|
|
\& # New OID shortname and long name
|
|
\& newoid2 = New OID 2 long name, 1.2.3.4.2
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
The above examples can be used with any application supporting library
|
|
configuration if \*(L"openssl_conf\*(R" is modified to match the appropriate \*(L"appname\*(R".
|
|
.PP
|
|
For example if the second sample file above is saved to \*(L"example.cnf\*(R" then
|
|
the command line:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& OPENSSL_CONF=example.cnf openssl asn1parse \-genstr OID:1.2.3.4.1
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
will output:
|
|
.PP
|
|
.Vb 1
|
|
\& 0:d=0 hl=2 l= 4 prim: OBJECT :newoid1
|
|
.Ve
|
|
.PP
|
|
showing that the \s-1OID\s0 \*(L"newoid1\*(R" has been added as \*(L"1.2.3.4.1\*(R".
|
|
.SH "ENVIRONMENT"
|
|
.IX Header "ENVIRONMENT"
|
|
.IP "\fB\s-1OPENSSL_CONF\s0\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "OPENSSL_CONF"
|
|
The path to the config file.
|
|
Ignored in set-user-ID and set-group-ID programs.
|
|
.IP "\fB\s-1OPENSSL_ENGINES\s0\fR" 4
|
|
.IX Item "OPENSSL_ENGINES"
|
|
The path to the engines directory.
|
|
Ignored in set-user-ID and set-group-ID programs.
|
|
.SH "BUGS"
|
|
.IX Header "BUGS"
|
|
Currently there is no way to include characters using the octal \fB\ennn\fR
|
|
form. Strings are all null terminated so nulls cannot form part of
|
|
the value.
|
|
.PP
|
|
The escaping isn't quite right: if you want to use sequences like \fB\en\fR
|
|
you can't use any quote escaping on the same line.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Files are loaded in a single pass. This means that an variable expansion
|
|
will only work if the variables referenced are defined earlier in the
|
|
file.
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
|
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
|
|
\&\fBx509\fR\|(1), \fBreq\fR\|(1), \fBca\fR\|(1)
|
|
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
|
|
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
|
|
Copyright 2000\-2020 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
|
|
.PP
|
|
Licensed under the OpenSSL license (the \*(L"License\*(R"). You may not use
|
|
this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
|
|
in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at
|
|
<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
|